月度归档:2022年01月

记一次centos服务器满空间清理

过程记录:

[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z ~]# df -h   //查看空间使用情况
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G   38G     0 100% /
devtmpfs        1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           1.9G  436K  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           380M     0  380M   0% /run/user/0
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z ~]# cd /    //跳转根目录
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z /]# du -sh *     //查看各目录情况
0       bin
218M    boot
4.0K    data
0       dev
38M     etc
466M    home
0       lib
0       lib64
16K     lost+found
4.0K    media
4.0K    mnt
4.0K    mysql.sql
213M    opt
du: cannot access ‘proc/5646/task/5646/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/5646/task/5646/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/5646/fd/4’: No such file or directory
du: cannot access ‘proc/5646/fdinfo/4’: No such file or directory
0       proc
220K    root
468K    run
0       sbin
4.0K    srv
0       sys
7.8M    tmp
14G     usr
23G     var
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z /]# cd /usr
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z usr]# du -sh *
306M    bin
4.0K    etc
4.0K    games
28M     include
340M    java
670M    lib
410M    lib64
63M     libexec
11G     local
443M    sbin
368M    share
350M    src
0       tmp
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z usr]# cd local
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z local]# du -sh *
351M    aegis
12M     bin
4.0K    etc
4.0K    games
4.0K    include
4.0K    lib
4.0K    lib64
4.0K    libexec
11G     php
4.0K    sbin
92K     share
65M     src
58M     svnRepo
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z local]# cd php
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z php]# du -sh *
116M    bin
112K    etc
5.0M    include
9.3M    lib
2.4M    log
92K     php
3.4M    phpredis
39M     sbin
10G     var
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z php]# cd /var
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z var]# du -sh *
4.0K    adm
9.9G    cache
4.0K    crash
28K     db
8.0K    empty
4.0K    games
4.0K    gopher
12K     kerberos
2.5G    lib
4.0K    local
0       lock
3.9G    log
0       mail
4.0K    nis
4.0K    opt
4.0K    preserve
0       run
4.7G    spool
179M    svn
20K     tmp
1.9G    www
4.0K    yp
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z var]# cd log
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z log]# du -sh *
40K     aliyun-util.log
4.0K    anaconda
39M     audit
0       boot.log
0       boot.log-20211228
0       boot.log-20211229
0       boot.log-20211230
0       boot.log-20211231
0       boot.log-20220101
0       boot.log-20220102
0       boot.log-20220103
18M     btmp
9.2M    btmp-20220101
476M    caigo
4.0K    caigo-error
4.0K    chrony
216K    cron
704K    cron-20211212
984K    cron-20211220
708K    cron-20211226
856K    cron-20220102
36K     dmesg
36K     dmesg.old
12K     firewalld
8.0K    grubby
4.0K    grubby_prune_debug
3.4G    journal
16K     lastlog
0       maillog
0       maillog-20211212
0       maillog-20211220
0       maillog-20211226
0       maillog-20220102
284K    messages
912K    messages-20211212
1.3M    messages-20211220
916K    messages-20211226
1.1M    messages-20220102
28K     mysqld.log
4.0M    mysql.log20200419before
2.7M    nginx
48K     ntp.log
4.0K    ntpstats
8.0K    php-fpm
4.0K    ppp
4.0K    repair.log
4.0K    rhsm
18M     sa
16M     secure
8.2M    secure-20211212
208K    secure-20211220
4.0K    secure-20211226
4.0K    secure-20220102
0       spooler
0       spooler-20211212
0       spooler-20211220
0       spooler-20211226
0       spooler-20220102
0       tallylog
28K     tuned
276K    wtmp
0       yum.log
40K     yum.log-20180101
4.0K    yum.log-20190101
4.0K    yum.log-20200420
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z log]# cd journal/
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z journal]# du -sh *
3.4G    a9fe31fd96c841a5a16f9c54110b66cc
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z journal]# journalctl --disk-usage
Archived and active journals take up 3.3G on disk.
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z journal]# journalctl --vacuum-time=30d   只留30天
Deleted archived journal /var/log/journal/a9fe31fd96c841a5a16f9c54110b66cc/system@a04c2e13fe6a4e0b8a6d7aa2908722cb-0000000000000001-0005a3abfd744d0e.journal (64.0M).
Deleted archived journal 
……
Deleted archived journal /var/log/journal/a9fe31fd96c841a5a16f9c54110b66cc/system@a04c2e13fe6a4e0b8a6d7aa2908722cb-00000000002498c0-0005d24fc91bef19.journal (8.0M).
Vacuuming done, freed 2.8G of archived journals on disk.
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z journal]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G   36G  1.9G  96% /
devtmpfs        1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           1.9G  436K  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           380M     0  380M   0% /run/user/0
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z journal]# cd /
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z /]# cd var
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z var]# du -sh *
4.0K    adm
9.9G    cache
4.0K    crash
28K     db
8.0K    empty
4.0K    games
4.0K    gopher
12K     kerberos
1.5G    lib
4.0K    local
0       lock
1.1G    log
0       mail
4.0K    nis
4.0K    opt
4.0K    preserve
0       run
4.7G    spool
179M    svn
20K     tmp
1.9G    www
4.0K    yp
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z var]# cd cache/
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# du -sh *
24K     fontconfig
32K     ldconfig
1.8M    man
9.9G    yum
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# yum clean packages
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities
Cleaning repos: base epel extras mysql-connectors-community mysql-tools-community mysql57-community remi-safe updates webtatic
2227 package files removed
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# yum clean headers
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities
Cleaning repos: base epel extras mysql-connectors-community mysql-tools-community mysql57-community remi-safe updates webtatic
0 header files removed
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# yum clean oldheaders
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities
Error: invalid clean argument: 'oldheaders'
 Mini usage:
clean [headers|packages|metadata|dbcache|plugins|expire-cache|all]
Remove cached data
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# du -sh *
24K     fontconfig
32K     ldconfig
1.8M    man
436M    yum
[root@iZ8vb4m3j60ueayf2rziv8Z cache]# df -h
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/vda1        40G   25G   14G  66% /
devtmpfs        1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs           1.9G  436K  1.9G   1% /run
tmpfs           1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs           380M     0  380M   0% /run/user/0

Point 1:centos清理/dev/vda1系统盘:

df   -h   检查一台服务器磁盘使用空间,发现磁盘已经使用了100%

思路是:

1、cd /usr   当然这里不一定是/usr目录,最好是cd到 根目录再执行下一步

2、du -sh * 看哪个目录占用空间大

3、重复前两步,根据实际情况删除或者移走

4、日志的话可以运行cat /dev/null > file.log清空

5、软件包的可以rpm -e 卸载或者rm -rf dir

即:

具体:可以通过下面的方法进行清理:

使用如下命令查找大于100M的大文件,发现有几个日志文件及临时文件比较大,使用rm –rf删除即可。

    find / -size +100M -exec ls -lh {} \;

    也可以使用 du -h –max-depth=1  /路径  查询文件夹占用显示该目录占用空间的总和

     譬如:du -h –max-depth=1  /var

    删除文件时,要小心,不要删除系统文件了 :)

Point 2:Linux yum清除var下目录缓存

Linux下yum发音(丫目)。

yum(全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified)是一个在Fedora和RedHat以及SUSE中的Shell前端软件包管理器。提供软件查找、安装、删除某一个或一组甚至全部软件包的命令,而且命令简洁而又好记。

yum的命令形式如下:

yum [options] [command] [package …]

常用的命令包括:

#安装软件 yum install packages

#更新软件 yum update packages

#删除软件 yum remove packages

#清除缓存 yum clean packages

重点介绍:

通常,yum 把下载的header和软件 包 都存储在cache中,而不会自动删除。如果你觉得它们占用了大量磁盘空间,可以使用yum clean指令进行清除,更精确 的用法是yum clean headers清除header,yum clean packages清除下载的rpm包,yum clean all全部干掉。

1.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的软件 包

命令:yum clean packages

2.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的 headers

命令:yum clean headers

3.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下旧的 headers

命令:yum clean oldheaders

4.清除缓存目录(/var/cache/yum)下的软件 包及旧的headers

Point 3: var/log/journal日志清理:

Linux log日志清理
检查当前journal使用磁盘量

journalctl –disk-usage

清理方法可以采用按照日期清理,或者按照允许保留的容量清理,只保存2天的日志,最大500M

journalctl –vacuum-time=2d
journalctl –vacuum-size=500M

如果要手工删除日志文件,则在删除前需要先轮转一次journal日志

systemctl kill –kill-who=main –signal=SIGUSR2 systemd-journald.service

要启用日志限制持久化配置,可以修改 /etc/systemd/journald.conf

SystemMaxUse=16M
ForwardToSyslog=no

然后重启

systemctl restart systemd-journald.service

检查journal是否运行正常以及日志文件是否完整无损坏

journalctl –verify
————————————————————————————————————————————————————

参考:centos 磁盘清理 /dev/vda1系统盘满了

linux yum清除var目录下缓存的方法

/var/log/journal日志清理